Factors Affecting Web Page Similarity

Abstract. Tools that allow effective information organisation, access and navigation are becoming increasingly important on the Web. Sim-ilarity between web pages is a concept that is central to such tools. In this paper, we examine the effect that content and layout-related as-pects of web pages have on web page similarity. We consider the textual content contained within common HTML tags, the structural layout of pages, and the query terms contained within pages. Our study shows that combinations of factors can yield more promising results than individual factors, and that different aspects of web pages affect similarities between pages in a different manner. We found a number of factors that, when taken into account, can result in effective measures of similarity between web pages. Query information in particular, proved to be important for the effective organisation of web pages.

Three and more dimensional modelling in geo-engineering

Full three-dimensional modelling has been developed and is implemented for many sites where engineering structures are built. Such computer models of the subsurface allow for a more sophisticated handling of subsurface data leading to, for example, better dimensioning of geotechnical units, the evaluation of hazard and risk, foundation design, tunnel routing, planning and building, etc. Other applications are the back-analysis for completed civil engineering projects to verify the correctness of assumed and estimated ground models and parameters, the verification of the correctness of constitutive models for ground behaviour and the use of back analysis to improve building methodologies or equipment. The paper illustrates some of these advantages with a number of state-of-the-art applications of three-dimensional modelling in engineering geology and geotechnical engineering, highlighting a number of key issues when computer-aided 3D modelling is used: the definition of geotechnical (homogeneous) zones, scale and detail, uncertainty and likelihood of the developed model